4/4/2023 0 Comments Olfactory hallucination![]() ![]() Long-term phantosmia impairs quality of life so, medical, surgical, and olfactory training as treatment options have been reported in current literature. In addition, in this study, it was reported that only 17% of patients with a phantom sense of smell had this entity for less than a year. reported that phantom smells were experienced less than once a month (54%) and the most frequently reported phantom smell was smoky or burnt (46%) in a population-based study. The frequency of phantosmia has been reported by up to 25% in patients with odor disorder, and the incidence is higher in the elderly compared to the young population. Phantosmia occurs due to a number of etiologies, including chronic rhinosinusitis, cranial trauma, intracranial hemorrhage, epilepsy, psychiatric conditions, brain radiotherapy, neurologic disorders, iatrogenic causes, and neurologic and neurodegenerative disorders and conductive or sensorineural pathophysiology of this specific symptom is still unclear. Phantosmia was classified as a qualitative disturbance of smell function and during the COVID-19 pandemic, this phenomenon was not reported. Hyposmia, anosmia, or sudden onset of anosmia were shown significant symptoms for asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 disease although the mechanism of the olfactory dysfunction was not understood. Two months after the carbamazepine treatment, the patient reported that she could tolerate dirt smell, but her phantom sense of smell did not disappear. While only observation recommended for three patient with persistent phantosmia, carbamazepine (400 mg daily, p.o.) was prescribed to one patient who had difficulty eating because of nausea due to dirt smell sensation. Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) was performed for all patients and no pathology was found (Fig. The follow-up period was 60.4 ± 23.0 days after first ENT admission. None of the patients had a history of chronic disease, chronic drug use, maxillofacial trauma, or surgery. In addition, none of these patients had ever experienced phantosmia before. In the ENT examination of the patients, septum deviation, concha hypertrophy, discharge, mucosal dryness, congestion, or nasal polyp were not detected. Interestingly, in this patient, only dizziness continued for 40 days. In eight (88.8%) patients, the PCR test turned negative 1 week after the initiation of treatment, while PCR became negative at the 4th week for a 32-year-old male patient. During the disease, only a mild C-reactive protein (CRP) elevation was present in three (33.3%) patients (Table 1). Medical treatment included hydroxychloroquine (200 mg bid for 5 days), moxifloxacin (400 mg once daily for 7 days), favipiravir (Day 1: 1600 mg bid for the first day 600 mg bid 2–5 days), enoxaparin (40–60 mg/d), dexamethasone (20 mg/d for first 3 days, then 4 mg/d) for all patients. According to the Sniffin' Sticks test, phantosmia was associated with objective hyposmia in three (33.3%) patients with the persistent phantom smell (TDI score between 15.5 and 30.5 odor threshold, odor discrimination, and odor identification). Four (44.4%) patients still complained of phantom odor during ENT admission. Two patients reported that the phantom smell sense continued during the disease but the onset of phantom smell was not distinguished. Aura-like phantom odor sensation noticed by three patients during two or three days of the disease when symptoms were most severe and then disappeared. All patients confirmed for COVID-19 disease with PCR test by nasopharyngeal swabs. Three patients had Sars-Cov-2 related thorax Computed Tomography (CT) findings. The main symptoms of the patients were fever, cough, and weakness at the initial diagnosis. ![]() All patients had completed COVID-19 treatment and emerged from isolation. All of the patients admitted to Ear Nose Throat (ENT) Clinic at second referential state hospital with complaints of a phantom smell sense after an average of 33.5 ± 9.5 days after the initial PCR diagnosis. The demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients are summarized in Table 1. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |